georg chap 10

Front

What are the 3 characteristics of transport systems?

Back

• - Density of transport network

• - Quality of transport infrastructure

• - Variety of transport modes

Front

Density of transport network

Back

● Transport networks allow for movement between locations in cities

● Consists of nodes and routes ➔ Nodes: Locations that allow access to the transport network

➔ Routes: Links between two nodes/ path for travel between nodes

● Network density refers to the number of nodes and routes in an area.

➔ The higher the number of nodes and routes, the higher the network density

● Denser network allows for:

➔ Easier and faster for people to reach locations

➔ Easier for people to participate in different activities

● Cities usually have denser networks than rural areas

➔ This is because more activities take place in the city area

➔ This allows for the movement of people to get to different places in the city to be as efficient as possible

Front

Quality of transport infrastructure

Back

● High quality infrastructure allows for efficient movement of people and goods by supporting the function of transport systems

● Examples would be Roads, railways, walkways, bridges, signages, information systems etc

● Indicators of high quality transport infrastructure: FEC³ ➔ high Frequency: Services arrive on a high frequency basis / short waiting time

➔ Environmentally sustainable: Low environmental impact of infrastructure

➔ Large capacity: Allows high number of people or goods to be moved

➔ highly Convenient: Easy movement during travel

➔ wide Coverage: Wide availability and reach of infrastructure

Front

Variety of transport modes

Back

● Movement of goods/people between locations can depend on the variety of transport modes over land, air and water

● Can be motorised or non-motorised, though non-motorised is preferred

➔ Less CO₂ emissions, helping to reduce environmental footprint

➔ Improves the general health of population as there is less CO₂ in the atmosphere

● Types of transport modes

➔ Fixed routes and stops (trains and buses)

➔ Timed schedule (ferries)

➔ Customised point-to-point services (taxis)

Front

Where can major transport nodes be found and why are they found here?

Back

major transport nodes:

• - terminal: start and end points of a journey

• - interchanges: point of transfer within or between transportation networks

• Major transport node distribution

Reasons for major transport node distribution

Front

Major transport node distribution

Back

1. In places with high concentration of activities

● Places with a wide variety of activities such as finance, banking, manufacturing, retail and leisure

● With more transport nodes at these locations, people have easier access to them

● This is essential as this can be for access to tourist destinations / workplaces

2. In places with high levels of accessibility

● Accessibility is defined as how easy it is to reach a location within a reasonable time and cost

● High cost + long travel time = low level of accessibility

● Low cost + low travel time = high level of accessibility

● Major transport nodes are found in areas with high level of accessibility

Front

Reasons for major transport node distribution

Back

1. Allows for the movement of people

● Transport systems allow people to commute to work. This is because residential areas and workplaces are usually located far away from each other.

● Workplaces tend to be concentrated in the Central Business District while most residential areas are found further away from the CBD as housing near the CBD is expensive.

● There is a need for transport systems for people to commute regularly to their workplaces.

● It can also provide access to social activities and amenities to improve their social and emotional well-being

2. Allows for the movement of goods and services

● Transport systems support economic activities by transporting goods and services from places of production to place of consumption.

● With the rise of e-commerce, (where goods and services are bought or sold over the internet), there is an increased demand for door-to-door delivery of goods.