Observation/Inference

Front

What is an observation?

Back

An observation is a statement based on what you see, hear, or measure directly. It is factual and can be verified.

Front

What is an inference?

Back

An inference is a conclusion drawn from observations. It involves interpreting the observations and making assumptions based on them.

Front

Example of an observation: The door jam is broken.

Back

This is a direct statement about the condition of the door jam, based on visual evidence.

Front

Example of an inference: The person pictured has less than 20/20 vision.

Back

This conclusion is drawn from the observation of the person's behavior or appearance, not directly measured.

Front

How can you tell if a statement is an observation?

Back

If the statement can be directly seen or measured without interpretation, it is an observation.

Front

How can you tell if a statement is an inference?

Back

If the statement requires interpretation or assumption beyond what is directly observed, it is an inference.

Front

Observation vs. Inference: The time of day in the cartoon is unknown.

Back

This is an observation because it states a fact about the cartoon without making assumptions.

Front

Observation vs. Inference: The person is injured.

Back

This is an inference because it assumes the person's condition based on visible signs.

Front

Why are observations important in science?

Back

Observations provide the data needed to form hypotheses and draw conclusions.

Front

Why are inferences important in science?

Back

Inferences help scientists make predictions and understand the implications of their observations.