Intro Unit Flashcard Review

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Critical Thinking

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Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions. SKEPTICISM.

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Overconfidence

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The tendency to be more confident than correct—to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments.

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Behaviorism

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The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).

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Hindsight Bias

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The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.

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Humanistic Psychology

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The historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth; FREE WILL.

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Hypothesis

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An educated guess on what the outcome will be that supports the theory.

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Definition of Psychology Today

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The science of behavior and mental processes.

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Operational Definition

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The process of defining a measurement that isn't necessarily measurable in a way that is measurable (numerical), independent variable is clearly defined (exactly what is each research group getting?).

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Population

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The group that you are studying.

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Random Sampling

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This requires that every person in the population has an equal chance of being selected. It is very simple, stratified, and convenient. The goal of this is to generalize findings from the sample to the population (which means you want a large representative sample).