Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What are stop codons?

Back

Stop codons are specific codons (UAA, UGA, UAG) that signal the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

Which codon does NOT result in stopping protein synthesis?

Back

UGG is a codon that codes for the amino acid tryptophan and does not stop protein synthesis.

Front

What is a polypeptide?

Back

A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, forming a protein.

Front

What type of bond holds amino acids together in a polypeptide?

Back

A peptide bond holds amino acids together in a polypeptide.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the organelles that facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process of using the information in mRNA to synthesize a protein.

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of converting mRNA into a protein.

Front

What is the significance of the codon chart?

Back

The codon chart is used to determine which amino acids correspond to specific codons in mRNA.