9th Grade, Intro to Tech: Information Security Basics

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Information Security

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Protecting data and systems from unauthorized access, alteration, or damage to maintain confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

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Malware

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Malicious software like viruses, spyware, or trojans, designed to harm or exploit a computer.

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Virus

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A type of malware that attaches to files or programs and spreads, often causing damage.

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Worm

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Malware that replicates itself and spreads across networks without needing to attach to software.

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Trojan (Horse)

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Software disguised as legitimate but hides harmful actions.

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Spyware

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Software that secretly gathers information about users without consent.

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Bot / Botnet / Zombie

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A bot is a compromised device controlled by attackers, a botnet is a network of such bots, and a zombie is an individual infected device within the botnet.

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Vulnerability

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A weakness or flaw in a system that can be exploited.

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Encryption

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Transforming information into a coded form that requires a key to read.

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TLS / SSL

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Protocols that encrypt data during transmission to secure online communication.