Retake Qualifier: Unit 1 AP Biology

Front

What is a DNA virus?

Back

A DNA virus is a type of virus whose genetic material is composed of double-stranded DNA.

Front

What is the significance of uracil in nucleic acids?

Back

Uracil is a nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA; thus, it is absent in the genomes of DNA viruses like cowpox.

Front

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Back

The tertiary structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape formed by the folding of a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is the difference between primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of proteins?

Back

Primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids; secondary structure includes alpha-helices and beta-sheets; tertiary structure is the overall 3D shape; quaternary structure involves multiple polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the role of water as a solvent?

Back

Water is a polar solvent that can dissolve ionic and polar substances, such as glucose, while remaining separate from nonpolar substances, like oils.

Front

What is polarity in molecules?

Back

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule, leading to partial positive and negative charges.

Front

What is a carbon skeleton?

Back

A carbon skeleton is a chain of carbon atoms that can be branched or unbranched, forming the backbone of organic molecules.

Front

What is the maximum number of bonds carbon can form?

Back

Carbon can form a maximum of four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Front

What are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in cells without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions, thereby increasing the rate of the reactions.