Biomolecules Vocabulary

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Monomer

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A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.

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Polymer

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A large molecule composed of many repeated subunits (monomers).

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Carbohydrate

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Organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues, including sugars, starch, and cellulose.

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Monosaccharide

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The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar molecule.

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Polysaccharide

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Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharide units.

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Protein

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Large biomolecules consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Amino acid

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Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.

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Polypeptide

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A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

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Lipid

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A group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, and fat-soluble vitamins.

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Nucleic acid

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Biopolymers essential to all known forms of life, including DNA and RNA.