liver/gallbladder review

Front

What preparation is required for a gallbladder ultrasound?

Back

Fasting for 6–8 hours

Answer explanation

Patients should fast 6–8 hours before gallbladder exams【9†source】.

Front

The Spiral Valves of Heister are located in which structure? Options: Gallbladder wall, Cystic duct, Common bile duct, Hepatic artery

Back

Cystic duct

Answer explanation

Spiral Valves of Heister are small folds in the cystic duct【9†source】.

Front

Which is more echogenic on ultrasound: portal veins or hepatic veins?

Back

Portal veins

Answer explanation

Portal veins are more echogenic because of Glisson’s capsule【10†source】.

Front

Which congenital abnormality is defined as the absence of a gallbladder? Options: Septated gallbladder, Agenesis, Duplication, Diverticulum

Back

Agenesis

Answer explanation

Agenesis is when the gallbladder fails to develop【9†source】.

Front

Which ligament attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall? Options: Ligamentum venosum, Falciform ligament, Coronary ligament, Round ligament

Back

Falciform ligament

Answer explanation

The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall【10†source】.

Front

Which is the largest internal organ of the human body?

Back

Liver

Answer explanation

The liver is the largest internal organ【10†source】.

Front

What hormone stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile?

Back

Cholecystokinin

Answer explanation

Cholecystokinin causes gallbladder contraction【9†source】.

Front

Normal main portal vein diameter should be less than: 10 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm

Back

13 mm

Answer explanation

The normal MPV diameter is <13 mm【10†source】.

Front

Which anatomical variant is a tongue-like extension of the right lobe of the liver? Options: Papillary process, Riedel’s lobe, Situs inversus, Accessory vein

Back

Riedel’s lobe

Answer explanation

Riedel’s lobe is a tongue-like extension of the right lobe【10†source】.

Front

The Mickey Mouse sign demonstrates which three structures? Portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct, Gallbladder, portal vein, IVC, CBD, pancreas, IVC, Spleen, hepatic artery, gallbladder

Back

Portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct

Answer explanation

The portal triad (portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct) forms the Mickey Mouse sign【9†source】.