Conjugate Acids and Bases with pH

Front

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Back

A conjugate acid-base pair consists of two species that transform into each other by the gain or loss of a proton (H+). For example, NH4+ (conjugate acid) and NH3 (conjugate base).

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is the relationship between pH and pOH?

Back

For any aqueous solution at 25°C, pH + pOH = 14.

Front

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

Back

The pH of a neutral solution at 25°C is 7.

Front

How do you calculate pH from hydronium ion concentration?

Back

pH = -log[H3O+]. For example, if [H3O+] = 1 x 10^-3 M, then pH = 3.

Front

What is the significance of a pH of 7?

Back

A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution where the concentration of H3O+ ions equals that of OH- ions.

Front

What happens to pH when an acid is added to a solution?

Back

Adding an acid to a solution increases the concentration of H3O+ ions, resulting in a lower pH.

Front

What happens to pH when a base is added to a solution?

Back

Adding a base to a solution increases the concentration of OH- ions, resulting in a higher pH.

Front

What is the pH of a strong acid solution?

Back

The pH of a strong acid solution is typically less than 7, depending on its concentration.

Front

What is the pH of a strong base solution?

Back

The pH of a strong base solution is typically greater than 7, depending on its concentration.