What is the mass of an electron and how does this compare to a proton or neutron?

Negligible mass (almost 0) It is much smaller (approximately 1/2000th)

What is the atomic number of an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Why are atoms neutral

They have the same number of protons (positive charges) as electrons (negative charges) so these cancel out

Why are the noble gases stable?

Due to their full outer shells of electrons

Ions form when atoms lose or gain electrons to give them a full outer shell of electrons

What type of ion do metals usually form?

Positive ions (They lose electrons so end up with more positive protons than negative electrons)

What is meant by the relative atomic mass of an atom?

It is the average mass of all atoms of an element

State what is meant by an isotope

Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass number or Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

What particles are responsible for the different type of atoms that exist for carbon-12 and carbon-14

Neutrons (Carbon-12 has 6p and 6n whereas Carbon-14 has 6p and 8n)

How many protons, neutrons and electrons does this phosphorous atom contain?

15 protons (the atomic number) 16 neutrons (mass no 31 - atomic no 15) 15 electrons (for atoms the no of electrons is always the same as the number of protons)

What is meant by the most abundant isotope

The type of atom that there is most of i.e. the most commonly found one

The relative atomic mass of Lithium is 6.9. Lithium atoms exist as either Lithium-6 or Lithium-7. Which is the more abundant isotope and explain your answer.

Lithium 7 is more common. 6.9 sits closer to 7 than 6 so their must be more of the Lithium-7 isotopes

Two isotopes of titanium exist Ti-48 and Ti-50. These are found in roughly equal proportions. Suggest a value for the relative atomic mass of Ti.

49 If there is a 50:50 split between the two types of Ti atom then the relative atomic mass (average mass) will sit exactly in the middle of the two masses i.e. 49.

Where are electrons found in an atom

In shells/orbitals around the nucleus

How many electrons can fit in the - 1st shell - 2nd shell - 3rd shell - 4th shell

1st shell can hold up to 2e 2nd shell can hold up to 8e 3rd shell can hold up to 8e 4th shell can hold up to 18e

Identify this atom/element

Oxygen (count the number of protons (8) and find element with atomic number 8 on the periodic table)

Name an element with similar chemical properties to iodine

Any from Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Astatine Essentially any of the above or any element that is in the same group (Group 7/halogens) as iodine in the periodic table

Why do atoms in the same group have similar chemical properties?

They have the same number of electrons in their OUTER shells

How does increasing temperature change the rate of a chemical reaction

Increasing temperature speeds up the rate of a reaction

How does increasing surface area change the rate of a chemical reaction

Increasing surface area increases the rate of a chemical reaction

What is the mass number of an atom?

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

How does increasing concentration affect the rate of a reaction

Increasing concentration increases the rate of a recation

How does decreasing particle size affect the rate of a reaction?

Decreasing particle size increases the rate of a reaction

Name 4 ways to decrease the rate of a reaction

Decrease temperature Decrease concentration Decrease surface area Increase particle size

State what must happen in order for a chemical reaction to occur

Particles must collide with sufficient energy to react

State what is meant by a catalyst

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed (used up)

An enzyme is a biological catalyst

Give an example of a catalyst

Nickel is used in hardening vegetable oil into margarine Rhodium, Palladium and Platinum are used in catalytic convertors to make exhaust gases less harmful

If 10g of catalyst is used to speed up a reaction, how much catalyst will be left at the end?

10g Catalyst don't get used up/consumed so all of it will be left at the end)

N5 Unit 1 Flashcards Flashcards

Student preview

49 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name for a vertical (up and down) column in the Periodic Table

Back

A group

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name for a horizontal row in the Periodic Table

Back

A period

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name for the Group 1 elements

Back

The Alkali Metals

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name for the Group 7 elements in the Periodic Table?

Back

The Halogens

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the name of the Group 0 (8) elements in the Periodic Table

Back

The Noble Gases

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How does reactivity change for the Alkali Metals as you move down the group?

Back

Reactivity increases i.e. they get more reactive as they go down the group

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Name the 3 sub-atomic particles

Back

protons

neutrons

electrons

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