Science: Matter and Energy - Section 9.4 Flashcard 20

Front

What is a circuit breaker?

Back

A device that automatically opens a circuit when there is an overload of current, preventing damage to the electrical system.

Front

What is the total resistance of two identical light bulbs with a resistance of 40 Ω connected in parallel?

Back

20 Ω

Front

How do you calculate the current in a circuit with three 5 Ω resistors in series connected to a 6.0 V battery?

Back

The total resistance is 15 Ω (5 Ω + 5 Ω + 5 Ω). Using Ohm's Law (I = V/R), the current is 0.40 A.

Front

What component burns out to protect a circuit from excessive current?

Back

Fuse

Front

What happens in a short circuit?

Back

Current bypasses the load, potentially leading to overheating and damage.

Front

What is Ohm's Law?

Back

A fundamental principle stating that the current (I) through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance (R). Formula: I = V/R.

Front

What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?

Back

In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end, so the same current flows through all components. In a parallel circuit, components are connected across the same voltage source, allowing multiple paths for current.

Front

What is resistance?

Back

The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

Front

What is a fuse?

Back

A safety device that melts and breaks the circuit when excessive current flows, protecting the circuit from damage.

Front

What is a short circuit?

Back

An unintended path in a circuit that allows current to flow with little or no resistance, often leading to circuit damage.