What Is Earth's Story

Front

Geology Noun

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[jee-ol-uh-jee]

Back

Geology

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The scientific study of Earth, its materials, physical and chemical structure, and the processes that act on them.

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Example: The image shows Earth's layers: crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core, explaining Earth's structure.

Front

Volcano Noun

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[vol-kay-noh]

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Volcano

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An opening or vent in the Earth's crust from which lava, volcanic ash, and gases are able to escape.

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Example: This diagram shows a volcano with labels for parts like the vent and magma chamber, illustrating how lava and gases escape.

Front

Earthquake Noun

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[urth-kweyk]

Back

Earthquake

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A sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by movement within the Earth's crust or by volcanic action.

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Example: Arrows show how Earth's crust moves, causing an earthquake.

Front

Volcanologist Noun

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[vol-kuh-nol-uh-jist]

Back

Volcanologist

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A type of geologist who specializes in the scientific study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological phenomena.

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Example: The image shows a labeled diagram of a volcano, illustrating what volcanologists study.

Front

Simulate Verb

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[sim-yuh-leyt]

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Simulate

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To imitate or recreate the conditions of a situation or process, such as rock formation, in a controlled setting.

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Example: Layers of sediment show how rocks form over time, simulating geological processes.

Front

Composition Noun

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[kom-puh-zish-uhn]

Back

Composition

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The specific ingredients, materials, or chemical makeup of a substance, such as the different minerals found within a rock.

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Example: The image shows Earth's layers with different minerals, explaining 'composition' as the makeup of these layers.

Front

Igneous Rocks Noun

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[ig-nee-uhs roks]

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Igneous Rocks

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A major type of rock formed through the cooling and solidification of molten material like magma or lava.

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Example: Magma cools underground to form igneous rocks.

Front

Pressure Noun

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[presh-er]

Back

Pressure

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The continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in direct contact with it.

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Example: A person pushing a wall shows pressure as force applied on a surface.

Front

Subduction Noun

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[sub-duhk-shuhn]

Back

Subduction

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The geological process where one of Earth's tectonic plates moves under another and is forced down into the mantle.

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Example: The image shows one tectonic plate moving under another, illustrating subduction.

Front

Mantle Noun

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[man-tl]

Back

Mantle

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The vast region of the Earth's interior located between the crust and the core, composed of hot, dense rock.

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Example: The diagram shows Earth's layers, highlighting the mantle between the crust and core.