Mechanisms of bacterial pathogens - Hussein ID exam 1

Front

What are opportunistic pathogens?

Back

Opportunistic pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease primarily in immunocompromised individuals, taking advantage of weakened immune systems.

Front

What is the role of the host cell cytoskeleton in microbial invasion?

Back

The rearrangement of the host cell cytoskeleton facilitates the uptake of microbes during the invasion process, allowing pathogens to enter host cells.

Front

What are P-pili and their function in bacterial strains?

Back

P-pili are hair-like structures on certain bacterial strains, such as pyelonephritic strains, that help them adhere to kidney epithelium by binding to receptors on uroepithelial cells.

Front

What is collagenase and its role in bacterial infection?

Back

Collagenase is an enzyme that breaks down collagen in host tissues, promoting the spreading of bacteria during infection.

Front

What is the first step necessary to establish an infection?

Back

The first step necessary to establish an infection is adherence, where pathogens attach to host cells.

Front

What are primary pathogens?

Back

Primary pathogens are microorganisms that can cause disease in healthy individuals with a normal immune response.

Front

What are nosocomial pathogens?

Back

Nosocomial pathogens are infections acquired in healthcare settings, often resistant to treatment.

Front

What are zoonotic pathogens?

Back

Zoonotic pathogens are infectious agents that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

Front

What is the significance of evasion of host defenses in bacterial infection?

Back

Evasion of host defenses allows bacteria to survive and replicate within the host, leading to successful infection.

Front

What is the function of hyaluronidase in bacterial pathogens?

Back

Hyaluronidase is an enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid in connective tissues, facilitating the spread of bacteria.