Chapter 19

Front

What is the relationship between gaining weight and blood pressure?

Back

Gaining weight may increase blood pressure because increased adipose tissue causes an increase in blood vessel length.

Front

Which arteries supply 80% of the cerebrum?

Back

The internal carotids supply 80% of the cerebrum.

Front

Why is blood vessel diameter the most important factor affecting resistance?

Back

Small changes in diameter cause large changes in resistance.

Front

What is intrinsic (autoregulation) control of blood flow?

Back

It responds to the tissue’s own metabolic demands by adjusting arteriole diameter.

Front

What is blood viscosity?

Back

Blood viscosity refers to the thickness and stickiness of blood, which affects its flow.

Front

Define cardiac output.

Back

Cardiac output is the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, calculated as heart rate multiplied by stroke volume.

Front

What role do the internal jugular veins play in the circulatory system?

Back

The internal jugular veins drain blood from the brain and neck back to the heart.

Front

Explain the concept of systemic vasoconstriction.

Back

Systemic vasoconstriction is the narrowing of blood vessels throughout the body, which increases blood pressure.

Front

What is the significance of arteriole diameter in blood flow regulation?

Back

Arteriole diameter significantly influences blood flow and pressure; smaller diameters increase resistance.

Front

What is the function of the vertebral arteries?

Back

The vertebral arteries supply blood to the posterior part of the brain, including the cerebellum and brainstem.