Mapping Earth's Surface Terms

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Topography

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the shape of the land that includes the area’s elevation, relief, and landforms

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Elevation

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the height above sea level of a point on Earth’s surface

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Relief

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The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area.

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Landform

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a feature of topography, such as a hill or valley, formed by the processes that shape Earth’s surface; three main types are mountains, plains and plateaus.

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Plain

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A large area of flat or gently rolling land.

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Mountain

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A large natural elevation of the earth's surface rising abruptly from the surrounding level.

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Mountain Range

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A series of connected mountains.

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Plateau

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A landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface

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Map

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an example of a model used by scientists; a 2-dimensional representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads, etc.

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Globe

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A spherical representation of the earth.