A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom

positively and negatively charged atoms due to the loss or gain of electrons

electrons are shared equally between two atoms

a type of bond that forms when electrons are not shared equally

molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

An attraction between molecules of different substances

A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid

the combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials

A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.

A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers

the starches and sugars present in foods; used for short term energy

Single sugar molecules; glucose, fructose, galactose

Carbohydrates that are made up of multiple monosaccharides; maltose, sucrose, lactose

large macromolecules formed from multiple monosaccharides

dehydration synthesis/reaction

A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.

Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water

A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.

polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces plant-cell walls

storage form of glucose in animals

part of amino acid that determines the molecule's physical and chemical properties; this part varies from amino acid to amino acid

Two amino acids bonded together

The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid

long chain of amino acids that makes proteins

An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells; contain C H O N S; found in muscles and meat

the specific sequence of amino acids making up a polypeptide chain.

the regular local patterns of coils or folds of a polypeptide chain; either alpha helix or beta pleated sheets

the overall, three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide due to interactions of the R groups of the amino acids making up the chain.

the shape resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits.

Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; long term energy storage

A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail.

lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings; includes hormones and cholesterol

a three-carbon alcohol with a hydroxyl group attached to each carbon; combines with fatty acids to form a fat

type of fat that contains as much hydrogen as possible and there is no double bonds between any carbons

type of fat in which there is only one double bond between a carbon pair

macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus; contain a universal genetic code

monomers of nucleic acids; made up of a phosphate group, 5-C sugar, and a nitrogenous base; A T C G U

AP Bio Unit 1 Flashcards

Student preview

103 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

atom

Back

Basic unit of matter

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

proton

Back

positively charged particle

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

neutron

Back

no charge

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Electron

Back

negatively charged particle

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

atomic nucleus

Back

An atom's dense central core, containing protons and neutrons.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

chemical bond

Back

the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

ionic bond

Back

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

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