List #4 Practice

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** an event that changes an ecosystem for a long period of time. It can be caused by humans or by natural processes. **

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** Disturbance **

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a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily stopped. This minimizes metabolic activity and therefore helps an organism to conserve energy

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Dormancy

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** a model that shows the amount of energy that is passed on at each level of a food chain. **

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** Energy pyramid **

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also known as primary consumers, these are organisms that eat producers.

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First stage consumer

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** a model showing the path of energy through a series of organisms in an ecosystem. **

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** Food chain **

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** a diagram that shows the many connected food chains and feeding relationships in an ecosystem. **

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** Food web **

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** a species not native to an area that spreads widely and rapidly becomes dominant in a community, causing harm to the community’s normal functioning. **

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** Invasive species. **

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when animals have long periods of deep sleep during winter. Their metabolism, or the rate the body burns calories, slows down to save energy. Their breathing and heart rate also slow down to save energy and their temperatures also drop during hibernation.

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Hibernate

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** an organism that hunts and kills other organisms for its food. **

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** Predator **

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** an animal that is hunted and killed for food by another animal. **

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** Prey **