8 Chapter Review

Front

What is the null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

Back

The null hypothesis (H0) is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default assumption that any observed effect is due to sampling variability.

Front

What is the alternative hypothesis in hypothesis testing?

Back

The alternative hypothesis (H1) is a statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

Front

What does a p-value represent in hypothesis testing?

Back

A p-value is the probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does it mean to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

Rejecting the null hypothesis means that there is sufficient evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What does it mean to fail to reject the null hypothesis?

Back

Failing to reject the null hypothesis means that there is not enough evidence to support the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What is a significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?

Back

The significance level (alpha) is the threshold for determining whether to reject the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01.

Front

How do you interpret a p-value of 0.1150 at a significance level of 0.05?

Back

Since the p-value (0.1150) is greater than the significance level (0.05), we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Front

How do you interpret a p-value of 1.26*10^-10 at a significance level of 0.01?

Back

Since the p-value (1.26*10^-10) is much less than the significance level (0.01), we reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the formula for a linear regression equation?

Back

The formula for a linear regression equation is y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.

Front

How do you predict a value using a linear regression equation?

Back

To predict a value, substitute the given x value into the linear regression equation and solve for y.