Historical and Political Concepts

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abolitionism

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The movement to end slavery.

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absolute monarchy

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An authoritarian governing system in which a hereditary ruler holds complete power until death.

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American Revolution (1775-83)

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When American colonies won their independence from Great Britain.

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anti-Semitism

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Prejudice against or hatred of Jews.

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Arab nationalism

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A political ideology asserting that all Arabs, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Arabian Sea, constitute a single nation.

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aristocracy

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A high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence and usually determined by heredity.

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autonomy

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Freedom and independence; self-governance.

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bourgeoisie

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The middle class.

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capitalism

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An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and prices are chiefly determined by open competition in a free market.

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caste

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Any social grouping in a society that is based on heredity, wealth, or the like.