Historical Events and Concepts

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Enlightenment

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Time when people used reason (not just religion or kings) to think about government, freedom, and rights.

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Absolute Monarchy (Absolutism)

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One king/queen has total control. No voting. People have no say.

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John Locke

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Said people have rights (life, liberty, property). Government should protect them or be changed.

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Laissez-Faire

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“Let it be.” No government control of businesses.

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Social Contract

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Idea that people agree to follow laws, and in return, government protects them.

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Mary Wollstonecraft

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Spoke up for women’s rights and education.

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Rousseau

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Said people should vote and government should follow what the majority wants.

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Adam Smith

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Wrote about capitalism (free market, supply and demand).

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Montesquieu

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Said power should be split (3 branches of government).

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Diderot

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Made the Encyclopedia to spread Enlightenment ideas.