Key Concepts in History and Culture

Front

Great Spirit

Back

A central deity in many Native American spiritual traditions, often associated with nature, unity, and the moral order of the world.

Front

Missionary Exchange

Back

A rhetorical confrontation between indigenous leaders and Christian missionaries, highlighting cultural imposition and religious pluralism.

Front

Covenant of the League (League of Nations)

Back

The founding treaty of the League of Nations which bound member states to protect one another against aggression.

Front

Chemical Warfare in Ethiopia

Back

Refers to Italy's use of mustard gas against Ethiopians in 1935–36, violating international norms.

Front

Middle Class as Moral Backbone

Back

Menzies’ vision of post-war Australia, portraying the middle class as the engine of economic and ethical progress.

Front

False Equality vs. Real Democracy

Back

A critique of state dependency and the erosion of individual ambition, arguing that democracy requires contributors, not just beneficiaries.

Front

Tryst with Destiny

Back

A phrase from Nehru's 1947 speech capturing India’s historic moment of independence and future responsibilities.

Front

Unity in Diversity

Back

Nehru's call for national unity beyond religious and cultural divisions.

Front

Octavio Paz Reference

Back

Obama quotes the Mexican poet to frame youth as living at the intersection of past and future, urging reform and creativity.

Front

100,000 Strong in the Americas

Back

An educational initiative to expand student exchanges between the U.S. and Latin America.