Mendelian Genetics - CP

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a homozygous genotype?

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A homozygous genotype has two identical alleles for a particular gene, either dominant (e.g., BB) or recessive (e.g., bb).

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What is a heterozygous genotype?

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A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Bb).

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present (homozygous recessive).

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What does phenotype mean?

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Phenotype refers to the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What does genotype mean?

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Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular gene.

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What is the principle of segregation?

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The principle of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.

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What is the principle of independent assortment?

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The principle of independent assortment states that alleles for different traits are distributed to gametes independently of one another.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.