Genetics vocabulary

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Dominant trait

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A trait that covers other traits; represented by a capital letter.

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X linked inheritance

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A type of inheritance where the gene is located on the X chromosome.

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Polygenic inheritance

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A trait produced by one or more genes, often resulting in a range of phenotypes.

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Genotype

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The genetic makeup of an organism.

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Homozygous

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Having two alleles that are the same.

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Recessive trait

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A trait that is masked by a dominant trait; represented by a lowercase letter.

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Phenotype

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The physical appearance of an organism resulting from its genotype.

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Allele

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A variant form of a gene that can produce different traits.

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Codominance

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A situation in which both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed.

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Incomplete dominance

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A situation where the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.