Which factor best explains the difference in economic activity between the northern and southern colonies? Options: The North had limited access to the Atlantic Ocean, The South lacked skilled laborers for manufacturing, The North had better conditions for large-scale agriculture, The South had fertile land and a warm climate suited for cash crops.
USHC EOC Review

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History
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11th Grade
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Hard
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48 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
The South had fertile land and a warm climate suited for cash crops.
Answer explanation
The southern colonies’ agricultural economy was shaped by geography: fertile soil and a longer growing season made plantation farming ideal.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Which conclusion best explains how this excerpt illustrates a major debate in early U.S. foreign policy?
Back
It reflects early fears that alliances with foreign powers could drag the United States into unnecessary wars.
Answer explanation
Washington warned against permanent foreign alliances, fearing they would involve the young nation in costly conflicts. His advice marked a foundational principle in U.S. foreign policy debates through the early 1800s.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Which change in political thinking occurred in the American colonies between 1763 and 1800? Options: Colonists increasingly believed their rights came from the king, not Parliament. Colonists accepted higher taxes in exchange for stronger British protection. Many colonists began to view government as a contract between the people and their rulers. Most colonists rejected Enlightenment ideas and returned to loyalty under the British crown.
Back
Many colonists began to view government as a contract between the people and their rulers.
Answer explanation
After 1763, British actions sparked a shift toward Enlightenment principles like the social contract, believing governments should protect rights and be accountable to the governed.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does this cartoon reveal about early efforts to form a shared colonial identity?
Back
Colonists recognized that cooperation was necessary for mutual survival
Answer explanation
The cartoon uses fear of division to argue for unity—first against the French, then revived against Britain, showing growing inter-colonial awareness and identity.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Which best describes the shift in U.S. foreign policy between these two presidents? Options: From imperial expansion to peaceful neutrality, From support for British military to support for France, From a commitment to neutrality to a willingness to engage in war, From economic isolation to colonial conquest
Back
From a commitment to neutrality to a willingness to engage in war
Answer explanation
Washington urged the U.S. to avoid alliances and war, while Madison declared war against Britain for violating American neutrality, showing a shift in how the U.S. acted on the global stage.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How did Madison’s concern in this excerpt shape the U.S. Constitution?
Back
It resulted in a system of separated powers and checks and balances
Answer explanation
Madison believed in the need for a government strong enough to rule but restrained enough to prevent tyranny, leading to three branches and a system of checks and balances in the Constitution.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does this conflict reveal about early American government?
Back
That debates over individual rights and federal power began early in U.S. history
Answer explanation
The Alien and Sedition Acts sparked a constitutional crisis about free speech and the limits of federal authority.
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