Biology EOC review Flashcard

Front

What is hemophilia and how is it inherited?

Back

Hemophilia is a sex-linked, recessive trait that affects blood clotting. It is inherited through the X chromosome, meaning males (XY) are more likely to express the trait if they inherit the affected X chromosome (Xh) from their mother.

Front

What is one function of lipids in the human body?

Back

Lipids serve multiple functions, including storing energy and forming plasma membranes that protect and organize cells.

Front

What is the cell theory?

Back

The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic structural and functional units of life, and all cells come from preexisting cells.

Front

What is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is an energy pyramid?

Back

An energy pyramid is a graphical representation of the energy flow in an ecosystem, showing the amount of energy available at each trophic level.

Front

What happens to energy as it moves up trophic levels?

Back

As energy moves up trophic levels, it decreases due to energy loss through metabolic processes and heat.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is spontaneous generation?

Back

Spontaneous generation is the discredited theory that living organisms can arise from non-living matter.

Front

What is the significance of the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis and protecting the cell's internal environment.

Front

What is the difference between a heterozygous and homozygous genotype?

Back

A heterozygous genotype has two different alleles for a trait (e.g., XH,Xh), while a homozygous genotype has two identical alleles (e.g., XH,XH or Xh,Xh).