A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground.

The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow

A type of seismic wave that moves the ground up and down or side to side, perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

a solid substance that is non-living and made from a particular combination of elements

A type of landscape in rainy regions where there is limestone near the surface, characterized by caverns, sinkholes, and valleys

an area where lava frequently erupts at the surface, independent of plate boundary processes.

electricity produced by flowing water

column of rock remaining after the collapse of a sea arch

The result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

Underwater canyon where the ocean floor slowly sinks back down into the mantle

water that has soaked into the ground after rainfall or snow melts.

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle

A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch

these drive the Earth's plates and occur in the mantle

A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean.

Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.

Alfred Wegener's idea that the continents slowly moved over Earth's surface

The number assigned to an earthquake based on its size

the principle that states ancient geologic processes that operate today also operated in the past

when a mineral deposit is large enough and valuable enough for it to be extracted from the ground it is known as this

pieces of rock, soil or the remains of plants and animals

A wave or series of waves produced by an earthquake or landslide

the supercontinent on Earth 300 million years ago

process that breaks down rocks and other substances

The process that adds more crust to the ocean floor

A fold in rock that bends downward into a dip

plates come together and converge at this boundary

A meander that has been cut off from the river.

The energy captured by transforming the motion of air into electrical energy using a turbine

where pieces of Earth's crust diverge on land; a deep valley

A stream or smaller river that feeds into a main river.

The longest mountain ranges that rise up from the ocean floor

formed when a river flows onto a flat valley and the river's water slows down, depositing sediment in a wide fan shape.

Anything naturally occurring in the environment that humans use

plates slide past each other along this boundary

wearing down or carrying away rocks by wind, water, ice and gravity

is any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock

a theory that describes the motion of and force driving Earth's plates

The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.

the intense heat from Earth's interior that warms magma

A long, narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up high in a mountain valley.

nonrenewable resource

a resource that cannot be replaced

Earth Science Terms Flashcards

Student preview

60 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

volcano

Back

a mountain that forms in Earth's crust when molten material, or magma, reaches the surface

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Surface Wave

Back

A type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach the earth's surface.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Seismograph

Back

A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Delta

Back

Sediment deposited where a river enters an ocean or lake and its water stops flowing.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Triangulation

Back

Using three distances waves travel to pinpoint the epicenter of an earthquake.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

sea arch

Back

an arch formed by wave erosion when caves on opposite sides of a headland unite

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Deposition

Back

where agents of erosion deposit, or lay down, sediment

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