4.1-4.2 Attribution & Attitudes

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Dispositional Attribution

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The tendency to attribute a person's behavior to their character or personality.

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Situational Attribution

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The tendency to attribute a person's behavior to external factors, such as the environment or situation.

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Optimistic explanatory style

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A way of explaining events that attributes positive events to internal, stable, and global causes, and negative events to external, unstable, and specific causes.

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Pessimistic explanatory style

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A way of explaining events that attributes negative events to internal, stable, and global causes, and positive events to external, unstable, and specific causes.

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Actor-observer bias

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The tendency to attribute our own actions to external factors while attributing others' actions to internal factors.

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Fundamental attribution error (FAE)

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The tendency to overemphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors in judging others' behavior.

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Self-serving bias

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The tendency to attribute positive outcomes to internal factors and negative outcomes to external factors.

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External locus of control

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The belief that external forces, like luck or fate, control life events.

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Internal locus of control

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The belief that one controls their own life events through their own efforts and actions.

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Mere exposure effect

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The phenomenon where people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them.