Key Terms in Middle Eastern Politics

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Zionism

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A movement for the re-establishment, development, and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel.

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Settlements

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Communities established by Israel on lands it occupied in the 1967 Middle East war.

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Occupation

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The control and possession of a territory by a foreign military power.

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Two-State Solution

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A proposed solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict envisioning two states for two peoples.

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Hamas

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A Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist militant organization.

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Fatah

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A major Palestinian political party and the largest faction of the PLO.

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Palestinian Liberation Organization

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An organization founded in 1964 by Yasser Arafat, with the purpose of the liberation of Palestine through armed struggle.

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Intifada

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Palestinian uprisings against Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza.

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Nakba

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The 1948 Palestinian exodus during the creation of the state of Israel.

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BDS Movement

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A global campaign promoting various forms of boycott against Israel until it complies with international law.