4.3 Ecosystems

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What is an ecosystem?

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An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their environment, including both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.

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What are producers in an ecosystem?

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Producers are organisms, like plants, that create their own food through photosynthesis and provide energy for other organisms.

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What are consumers in an ecosystem?

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Consumers are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must eat other organisms for energy.

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What is a primary consumer?

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A primary consumer is an herbivore that eats producers (plants) for energy.

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What is a secondary consumer?

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A secondary consumer is a carnivore that eats primary consumers (herbivores) for energy.

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What is a food chain?

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A food chain is a linear sequence that shows how energy and nutrients flow from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

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What is a food web?

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A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem.

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What is a herbivore?

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A herbivore is an animal that gets energy by eating only plants.

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What is a carnivore?

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A carnivore is an animal that gets energy by eating other animals.

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What is a decomposer?

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Decomposers are organisms, like fungi and bacteria, that break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.