Biology EOC Practice D

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

Define trophic levels in an ecosystem.

Back

Trophic levels represent the hierarchical positions of organisms in a food chain, based on their feeding relationships.

Front

What is the energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels?

Back

Typically, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next level.

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse gametes with half the number of chromosomes.

Front

What is the significance of crossing over in meiosis?

Back

Crossing over increases genetic diversity by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Front

What is the function of colchicine in cell biology?

Back

Colchicine disrupts the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby inhibiting mitosis.

Front

What are nitrogen bases?

Back

Nitrogen bases are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U) in RNA.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands of nucleotides, with complementary nitrogen bases pairing (A with T, C with G).