Physical Science TCAP Review

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What is a chemical change?

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A chemical change occurs when a substance transforms into a different substance with new chemical properties, often indicated by signs such as gas production (bubbles), color change, or temperature change.

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What evidence indicates a chemical reaction has occurred?

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Evidence of a chemical reaction includes the formation of gas (bubbles), color change, temperature change, or the formation of a precipitate.

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What is the scientific method?

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The scientific method is a systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge, typically involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion.

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What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between variables, while a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence.

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What is the role of variables in an experiment?

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Variables are factors that can change in an experiment. The independent variable is manipulated, while the dependent variable is measured. Controlled variables remain constant to ensure a fair test.

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What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

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A control group is used as a benchmark to compare results against the experimental group, helping to isolate the effect of the independent variable.

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What is the difference between physical and chemical properties?

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Physical properties can be observed without changing the substance's identity (e.g., color, melting point), while chemical properties describe a substance's ability to undergo chemical changes (e.g., reactivity with acid).

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What happens to the state of matter when heat is added?

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When heat is added to a substance, it can change from solid to liquid (melting) or from liquid to gas (evaporation), depending on the temperature and the substance's properties.

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What is solubility?

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Solubility is the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent, forming a solution. It is often affected by temperature and pressure.

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What is the effect of temperature on solubility?

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Generally, for most solids, solubility increases with temperature, meaning more solute can dissolve in a solvent at higher temperatures.