Mendelian Genetics

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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel, focusing on dominant and recessive alleles.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles (e.g., AA, Aa, aa).

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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A dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present, while a recessive allele is only expressed when two copies are present.

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What is the F1 generation?

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The F1 generation is the first filial generation of offspring resulting from a cross between two parental (P) genotypes.

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What is the P generation?

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The P generation refers to the original generation of organisms used in a breeding experiment.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.

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What does it mean if a trait is sex-linked?

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A sex-linked trait is associated with a gene that is located on a sex chromosome, often affecting males and females differently.