Global Review | Vocab 7 & 8

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What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

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The Five Pillars of Islam are the fundamental acts of worship and practice in Islam, which include the declaration of faith (Shahada), prayer (Salah), almsgiving (Zakat), fasting during Ramadan (Sawm), and pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj).

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What is Jihad in the context of Islam?

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Jihad refers to the spiritual struggle against sin in Islam, often interpreted as a personal or collective effort to live according to Islamic principles.

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What is the significance of Hajj?

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Hajj is the annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, which is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime if they are physically and financially able.

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What does the term 'Sultan' refer to?

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A Sultan is a Muslim sovereign or ruler, often used to denote a king or a leader in Islamic countries.

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What is the Green Revolution?

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The Green Revolution refers to a period of agricultural transformation in the mid-20th century that increased food production worldwide, particularly in developing countries, through the use of high-yield crop varieties and modern agricultural techniques.

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What is the difference between the Global North and Global South?

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The Global North typically refers to developed countries with advanced economies, while the Global South refers to developing countries with emerging economies.

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What is OPEC?

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OPEC stands for the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, a group of oil-producing nations that coordinates and unifies petroleum policies to stabilize oil markets.

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What is secularization?

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Secularization is the process by which religion loses its social significance and influence in public life, often leading to a separation between religious institutions and state affairs.

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Who was Reza Pahlavi?

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Reza Pahlavi was the last Shah of Iran, ruling from 1941 until his overthrow in the Iranian Revolution of 1979.

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What was the Cold War?

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The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States, along with their respective allies, from the end of World War II until the early 1990s.