TExES English Second Language (154)

Front

Present Perfect Progressive

Back

A verb tense used to indicate an action that began in the past and has continued up to the present, often emphasizing the duration of the action. Example: 'I have been studying for three hours.'

Front

CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency)

Back

The level of language proficiency required to understand and use academic language in a school setting, typically taking 5-7 years to develop for ESL students.

Front

Future Progressive

Back

A verb tense used to describe an action that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future. Example: 'I will be studying at 8 PM.'

Front

Phonology

Back

The study of the sound system of a language, including the rules for combining sounds and the sounds' meanings.

Front

BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills)

Back

The language skills needed for everyday communication in social situations, typically acquired within 1-3 years for ESL students.

Front

Morphology

Back

The study of the structure and form of words in a language, including prefixes, suffixes, and root words.

Front

Syntax

Back

The set of rules that governs the structure of sentences in a language, including word order and sentence formation.

Front

Semantics

Back

The study of meaning in language, including the meanings of words, phrases, and sentences.

Front

Present Progressive

Back

A verb tense used to describe an action that is currently happening. Example: 'I am studying right now.'

Front

Social Language vs. Academic Language

Back

BICS refers to social language used in everyday conversations, while CALP refers to the academic language used in educational settings.