Georgia realized that the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain and spinal cord had already first specialized into 3 brain regions by ____ weeks and that her baby would look like a baby at this point.

mammalian exam 3

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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
4
Answer explanation
BOOK fig 9.2: (c) 4 weeks - A 4-week human embryo showing the anterior end of the neural tube which has specialized into three brain regions
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
The blood brain barrier is?
Back
A highly selective structure formed by astrocyte foot processes that shelters the brain from toxins, fluctuations in hormones, ions and neuroactive substances in the blood.
Answer explanation
Ch 9 book:
The final layer of protection for the brain is a functional barrier between the interstitial fluid and the blood. This barrier is necessary to isolate the body’s main control center from potentially harmful substances in the blood and from blood-borne pathogens such as bacteria. To achieve this protection, most of the 400 miles of brain capillaries create a functional blood-brain barrier. Although not a literal barrier, the highly selective permeability of brain capillaries shelters the brain from toxins and from fluctuations in hormones, ions, and neuroactive substances such as neurotransmitters in the blood.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Resting/digesting and fight/fright are products of your body's ...
Back
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic branches in the Autonomic Division of the Peripheral Nervous System
Answer explanation
Output from the hypothalamus also influences many functions of the autonomic division of the nervous system, as well as a variety of endocrine functions.
The autonomic division is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic branches (often called the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems).
ppt notes:
–Sympathetic branch (“fight-or-flight”)
–Parasympathetic branch (“rest-and-digest”) -> slows you down
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
All of the following senses are non-neuronal receptors except: Hair cells of the ear, Lens and cornea of the eye, Balance
Back
Balance
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
It has been speculated by American neurologist that Van Gogh cut off his own ear and eventually killed himself due to ____ which is characterized by attacks of dizziness, nausea and overwhelming tinnitus.
Back
Meniere's disease
Answer explanation
Ch. 10 running problem : Ménière’s Disease
They concluded that the painter’s strange attacks of dizziness, nausea, and overwhelming tinnitus (ringing or other sounds in the ears), which he described in desperate letters to his relatives, are more consistent with Ménière’s disease, a condition that affects the inner ear.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
______ behaviors such as crying when we are sad or yelling loudly at the TV when the referee makes the wrong call during a football game are related to how we feel or our emotions.
Back
Affective
Answer explanation
Ch. 9: Neural networks create affective and cognitive behaviors.
•Affective behaviors are related to feeling and emotion
•Cognitive behaviors are related to thinking
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
A key characteristic of cardiac muscle cells, that distinguishes it from skeletal muscle, is that although both tissues are striated, only cardiac muscle contains____
Back
Intercalated discs
Answer explanation
12.1 :
(a) Skeletal muscle fibers are large, multinucleate cells that appear striped or striated under the microscope.
(b) Cardiac muscle fibers are also striated but they are smaller, branched, and uninucleate. Cells are joined in series by junctions called intercalated disks.
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