Government - Chapter 4

Front

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

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10th amendment

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an act creating a new state

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act of admission

Front

Grant for which Congress appropriates funds for a specific purpose or category; ADVANTAGE: hard to abuse; DISADVANTAGE: states are limited in how they can use the money - even if they need it more for another purpose, they can use the money ONLY for the purpose specified by the federal government

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categorical grant

Front

A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. They may also share costs, administration, and even blame for programs that work poorly; evolved naturally and practiced throughout history, as shown by Northwest Ordinance, but popular view in the 20th and 21 centuries.

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cooperative federalism

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the total amount owed based on borrowing over time; accumulates as the result of deficit spending

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debt

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the yearly shortfall between revenue and expenditures; the difference in what's spent and what's taken in

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deficit

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Powers specifically given to the federal government by the US Constitution, for example, the authority to print money.

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delegated powers

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FEDERALISM; the constitutional provisions by which governmental powers are DIVIDED on a geographic basis between nation and states

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division of powers

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AKA "Necessary and Proper" Clause; Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the Constitution gives Congress the right to make all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers expressed in the other clauses

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Elastic Clause

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the first step in the state admission procedure which enables the people of a territory to prepare a constitution

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Enabling Act