Acid base Regents review

Front

What is an acid according to the Arrhenius definition?

Back

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that increases the concentration of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) in aqueous solution.

Front

What is a base according to the Arrhenius definition?

Back

An Arrhenius base is a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in aqueous solution.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What is a neutralization reaction?

Back

A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water.

Front

What is the role of an indicator in acid-base chemistry?

Back

An indicator is a substance that changes color in response to changes in pH, helping to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Front

What happens to the pH when hydronium ion concentration increases tenfold?

Back

A tenfold increase in hydronium ion concentration results in a decrease of one unit of pH.

Front

What is the color of phenolphthalein in a basic solution?

Back

Phenolphthalein turns pink in a basic solution.

Front

What is the color of bromothymol blue in a neutral solution?

Back

Bromothymol blue appears green in a neutral solution.

Front

What is the significance of a pH of 7?

Back

A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, where the concentrations of hydronium and hydroxide ions are equal.

Front

What is the relationship between pH and hydronium ion concentration?

Back

pH is the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration: pH = -log[H₃O⁺].