Unit 5 Energy

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between materials, where heat moves from the hotter object to the cooler one.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum and does not require a medium.

Front

What is gravitational potential energy (GPE)?

Back

Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, calculated as GPE = mass × gravity × height.

Front

How does mass affect gravitational potential energy?

Back

If the mass of an object increases, its gravitational potential energy increases proportionally, assuming height and gravity remain constant.

Front

What happens to the particles of an object when its temperature decreases?

Back

The particles of the object move slower as the temperature decreases, leading to reduced kinetic energy.

Front

What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy?

Back

GPE = mgh, where m is mass (kg), g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²), and h is height (m).

Front

What type of energy transformation occurs in an electrical pencil sharpener?

Back

The energy transformation is Electrical → Mechanical → Sound.

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, related to its temperature.

Front

What is the relationship between temperature and particle movement?

Back

As temperature increases, the movement of particles increases; as temperature decreases, particle movement slows down.