What is folk culture?

Folk culture is practiced by small homogenous groups living in isolated rural areas.

What is popular culture?

Popular culture is found in large heterogeneous societies that share certain customs despite differences in other personal characteristics.

How does popular culture affect the environment?

Popular culture may pose negative environmental effects, with 'built environments' being unsustainable.

What are two facets of material culture?

Culture deriving from the necessities of daily life (food, clothing, shelter) and leisure activities (arts and recreation).

What explains the distribution of folk and popular culture?

The process of origin and the pattern of distribution.

How do customs originate in folk and popular culture?

Folk culture hearths are often anonymous, while popular culture hearths can be traced to a specific place.

How does folk culture diffuse?

Folk culture diffuses slowly primarily through relocation diffusion (migration).

How does popular culture diffuse?

Popular culture diffuses rapidly (usually hierarchically) through electronic communications and transportation networks.

What influences the distribution of popular culture?

Popular culture is distributed widely across many countries, with little regard for physical factors. The primary barrier is lack of income.

What influences the distribution of folk culture?

The distribution of folk culture is influenced by both environmental and cultural factors.

How does electronic media affect the diffusion of culture?

Electronic media facilitates the diffusion of popular culture and increases access to folk culture.

How have cell phones impacted communication in developing regions?

Cell phones have eliminated the need for telephone wiring, spreading rapidly even in areas with limited electricity access.

What is the principal obstacle to the diffusion of popular culture?

The principal obstacle is the lack of access to electronic media.

What is the purpose of folk music?

To tell stories or disseminate information about life-cycle events.

How is folk music typically transmitted?

Orally, as people migrate, carrying it with them.

What is the main purpose of popular music?

To appeal to a variety of people across Earth and be sold and performed.

How did soccer originate as a folk custom?

It originated in England in the 11th century, evolving from 'Kick the Dane’s head' to using an inflated cow bladder.

How did soccer transform into popular culture?

In the 1800s, English soccer clubs standardized rules and organized professional leagues, leading to global diffusion.

What is required for a sport to be included in the Olympics?

It must be widely played in at least 75 countries (50 for women’s sports) and on four continents.

What influences folk clothing preferences?

Environmental and cultural reasons, such as agricultural practices and climatic conditions.

What drives the rapid diffusion of popular clothing styles?

Global communication technology and links to occupation and income.

What influences popular food preferences?

Cultural values more than environmental features, though regional differences exist.

What are food taboos?

Restrictions on behavior imposed by religious law or social custom to protect resources or animals.

What influences folk housing styles?

Physical environment, cultural norms, and environmental influences.

How did U.S. folk houses reflect cultural heritage?

Older houses displayed local folk-culture traditions and styles from the East Coast.

What characterized houses built in the 1940s?

They were primarily mass-produced, reflecting popular shape, style, and materials of the time.

What is the principal obstacle to the diffusion of popular culture?

Lack of access to electronic media.

How does the diffusion of the Internet compare to that of TV?

The Internet has diffused at a much more rapid rate than TV.

Why is Facebook not as popular in China and Russia?

Due to competing social media platforms and restrictions on Internet usage.

What types of Internet content are routinely censored in select countries?

Political content, social content, and security content.

What challenges do folk cultures face in maintaining their practices?

Influences from the outside world, migration for economic opportunities, and international trade increasingly challenge folk cultural traditions.

How have the Amish preserved their cultural identity?

The Amish avoid the use of mechanical or electrical power and have preserved their language and culture through migration and the practice of giving each adult son a farm of his own.

What is cultural homogenization?

Cultural homogenization is the convergence of cultural preferences as popular culture spreads, replacing localized folk culture.

How can popular customs negatively impact the environment and cultural diversity?

Popular customs can lead to landscape pollution, depletion of scarce natural resources, and crowding out of locally owned businesses.

How do fast-food franchises contribute to uniform cultural experiences?

Fast-food franchises create uniform landscapes by spreading agreements that allow local owners to use the company’s name, trademarks, and signs, attracting customers with brand recognition.

What is cultural divergence?

Cultural divergence refers to the persistence of cultural differences despite the rapid diffusion of popular culture.

How do urban and rural areas differ in cultural preferences?

Rural areas tend to value traditional forms of popular culture, while urban areas with diverse populations and wealth may value more progressive forms.

What are vernacular regions?

Vernacular regions, like the South or Midwest, often display traditional cultural differences.

How do cultural preferences vary on an individual scale?

Cultural preferences vary by age, gender, ethnicity, and place of residence, affecting how people spend their time during the day.

What is a centripetal force in terms of language?

A centripetal force is a force that tends to unify people, such as the sharing of a common language.

What is a centrifugal force in terms of language?

A centrifugal force is a force that tends to pull people apart, such as the use of different languages.

What is a dying language?

A language still used by older people but is not being passed down to children.

What is a language family?

A collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history.

Unit 3 Flashcards Flashcards

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202 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is culture?

Back

Culture is the body of material characteristics, customary beliefs, and social forms that embody the distinct tradition of a group of people.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are the three components of culture that interest geographers?

Back

Material characteristics, customary beliefs, and social forms.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is material culture?

Back

Material culture refers to the visible elements of culture that a group possesses and leaves behind for the future.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How are migration and culture linked?

Back

Two locations have similar cultural beliefs, objects, and institutions because people bring along their culture when they migrate.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the difference between habit and custom?

Back

Habit is a repetitive act by an individual, while custom is a repetitive act by a group that becomes characteristic of the group.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are the two major categories of culture identified by geographers?

Back

Folk culture and popular culture.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

How do folk and popular culture differ?

Back

They differ in their patterns of origins, diffusion, and distribution.

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