Classifications of Bones

Front

What are the classifications of bones?

Back

Long Bone, Short Bone, Flat Bone, Irregular Bone.

Front

bone…what is the lacunae, canaliculi, lamella etc

Back

• Lacunae- cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes), arranged in concentric rings

• Lamellae- rings around the central canal, sites of lacunae

• Canaliculi- form a transport systems connecting all bone cells to a nutrient supply, tiny canals, radiated from the central canal to lacunae

Front

What are the 3  main cells within bone tissue

Back

• Osteocytes - mature bone cells ( bone remodeling)

• Osteoblasts- bone forming cells ( bone remodeling)

• Osteoclasts- bone destroying cells ( break down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium in response to parathyroid hormone)

Front

What are the different types of fractures that occur in the body

Back

• Closed/Simple- break doesn’t penetrate skin

• Open/Compound- broken bone that penetrates through the skin

• Comminuted- bone breaks into many fragments ( common in older people, brittle bones)

• Compression- bone is crushed ( Common in porous bones; osteoporotic bones, older people)

• Depressed- broken bone portion is pressed inwards (typical skull fracture)

• Impacted- broken bone ends are forced into each other ( common with someone who attempts to break a fall with outstretched arms)

• Spiral- Ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone ( common sport fracture)

• Greenstick- bone breaks incompletely like a green twig breaks

Front

What are the steps in bone healing after a break occurs?

Back

Hematoma formation

Fibrocartilage callus

Bony callus formation

Bone remodeling

Front

What is the epiphyseal plate

Back

Flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young growing bone. Allow for lengthwise growth of long bones during childhood

Front

What is appositional growth

Back

Bone growth in width , a type of bone growth that increases bone diameter by adding new bone tissue to the surface

Front

What does the parathyroid hormone (PTH) control

Back

Controls calcium levels in the blood and bones. Raises your blood calcium

Front

What is bone formation called?/What factors influence bone remodeling throughout life

Back

Ossification/ Osteogenesis. Factors are age, genetics, physical activity, nutrition, hormonal activity, medications, and bone matrix proteins. 

Front

What are the functions of bones

Back

• Support the body 

• Protect soft organs

• Allow movement due to attached skeletal muscles

• Store minerals and fats

• Blood cell formation