GENERAL BIOLOGY 2

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What is genetic engineering?

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Genetic engineering is a method that involves directly manipulating an organism's DNA to alter its characteristics.

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Why does classical breeding often take longer than genetic engineering?

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Classical breeding relies on natural reproduction cycles over generations, making it a slower process compared to the precision of genetic engineering.

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What is a viral vector in gene therapy?

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A viral vector is a modified virus used to deliver genetic material into cells for therapeutic purposes.

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What is the purpose of restriction enzyme digestion in molecular cloning?

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Restriction enzyme digestion is used to linearize a vector, allowing for the insertion of foreign DNA.

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How do genetic engineering techniques contribute to the study of antibiotic resistance?

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They provide tools to manipulate bacterial genomes and study the mechanisms of resistance.

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What is the role of a vector in genetic engineering?

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A vector is a DNA molecule used to deliver genetic material into a host cell.

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What is the significance of targeting only intended cells in gene therapy?

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Targeting only intended cells ensures the safety and efficacy of the treatment, minimizing potential side effects.

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What is cross-breeding?

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Cross-breeding is a traditional method of breeding that involves mating two organisms to produce offspring with desired traits.

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What is phenotypic selection?

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Phenotypic selection is the process of selecting individuals for breeding based on observable traits.

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What is self-pollination?

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Self-pollination is a reproductive process where pollen from the same flower fertilizes its ovules.