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Diathesis-Stress Model

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A psychological theory that explains behavior as a predispositional vulnerability together with stress from life experiences.

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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Symptoms that reflect an excess or distortion of normal functions, such as hallucinations and disorganized thinking.

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Substance Dependence

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A condition characterized by compulsive drug-seeking behavior, tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and difficulty controlling substance use.

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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

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A type of psychotherapy that helps individuals understand the thoughts and feelings that influence behaviors.

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

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A behavioral disorder in children characterized by a pattern of angry, irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness.

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Motivational Interviewing

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A counseling approach that helps individuals find the motivation to make positive decisions and accomplish established goals.

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Symptoms of Depression

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Common symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and difficulty concentrating.

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Schizophrenia

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A severe mental disorder characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, and sense of self.

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Maladaptive Upbringing

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An upbringing that fails to provide the necessary support and guidance, potentially leading to psychological issues.

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Vindictiveness in ODD

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A symptom of Oppositional Defiant Disorder where the individual shows a tendency to seek revenge or hold grudges.