4.1 Vocab - Attribution & Person Perception

Front

Person Perception

Back

How we form impressions of ourselves and others, including attributions of behavior.

Front

Attribution Theory

Back

The theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation (a situational attribution) or the person’s stable, enduring traits (dispositional attribution).

Front

Fundamental Attribution Error

Back

The tendency for observers, when analyzing others’ behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition.

Front

Actor-Observer Bias

Back

The tendency for those acting in a situation to attribute their behavior to external causes, but for observers to attribute others’ behavior to internal causes. This contributes to the fundamental attribution error.

Front

Prejudice

Back

An unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members, involving negative emotions, stereotyped beliefs, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.

Front

Stereotype

Back

A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.

Front

Discrimination

Back

Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members.

Front

Just-World Phenomenon

Back

The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Front

Social Identity

Back

The 'we' aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to 'Who am I?' that comes from our group memberships.

Front

Ingroup

Back

'Us' — people with whom we share a common identity.