Biology STAAR Review

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

Enzymes can denature, meaning they change shape and lose their functionality.

Front

What type of cells can pass mutations to offspring?

Back

Gametic cells (egg and sperm) can pass mutations to offspring.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

Front

Which species are whales most closely related to based on DNA similarity?

Back

Whales are most closely related to hippos, with a DNA similarity of 83.4%.

Front

What are the main components that identify a plant cell?

Back

A plant cell can be identified by the presence of a large vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy.

Front

What is the difference between somatic and gametic cells?

Back

Somatic cells are body cells that do not contribute to offspring, while gametic cells are reproductive cells (egg and sperm) that can pass genetic information to the next generation.

Front

What is denaturation in the context of enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process where an enzyme loses its three-dimensional structure due to external factors like temperature or pH, resulting in loss of function.

Front

What is the significance of DNA similarity in evolutionary biology?

Back

DNA similarity helps determine evolutionary relationships between species, indicating how closely related they are.