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equal protection

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The Equal Protection Clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibits states from denying any person within their jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws, meaning everyone should be treated fairly and equally under the law, regardless of their background. 

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article 3

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establishes the judicial branch of the federal government, including the Supreme Court, and outlines the powers and jurisdiction of the federal courts. 

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affirmative action

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the Supreme Court ruled against race-conscious affirmative action in college admissions

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due procces clause

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The Due Process Clause, found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, ensures that the government cannot deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, guaranteeing fair procedures and a fair trial. 

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free exercise clause

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The Free Exercise Clause, part of the First Amendment, guarantees individuals the right to practice their religion freely, without government interference, as long as those practices don't violate public morals or a compelling governmental interest. 

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establishment clause

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The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits the government from establishing or promoting a religion, ensuring a separation of church and state

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14th amendment

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protects citizens' rights to life, liberty, and property, and guarantees equal protection under the law. It also grants citizenship to anyone born in the United States. 

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bill of rights amendment 1

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

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bill of rights 2

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A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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bill of rights amendment 3

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No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.