What are Direct Surveys?

For easily spotted species (e.g., binoculars).

What are Indirect Surveys?

For harder-to-find species (e.g., looking for tracks).

What are Lab Experiments?

Controlled experiments, but not like nature.

What are Field Experiments?

Real-world settings but less control.

What is Modeling in ecology?

Using computer models to understand ecosystems without being in nature or the lab.

What are Biotic components?

Living things (plants, animals, fungi, bacteria).

What are Abiotic components?

Nonliving things (temperature, water, sunlight, soil).

What is Biodiversity?

The variety of living things in an ecosystem; higher in rainforests.

What is a Keystone Species?

Species that have a large effect on the ecosystem (e.g., wolves in Yellowstone).

What are Producers (Autotrophs)?

Organisms that make their own food (e.g., plants using sunlight).

What are Consumers (Heterotrophs)?

Organisms that get energy by eating others.

Consumers that eat both plants and animals.

What are Detritivores & Decomposers?

Organisms that break down dead matter.

What is Photosynthesis?

Plants use sunlight to make food.

What is Chemosynthesis?

Some bacteria use chemicals instead of sunlight.

What is a Food Chain?

A linear feeding relationship (producer → consumer → predator).

A more complex network of interconnected food chains.

What are Secondary Consumers?

Carnivores that eat herbivores.

What are Tertiary Consumers?

Carnivores that eat other carnivores.

What are Specialists?

Organisms that eat one specific type of food.

What are Generalists?

Organisms that eat a wide variety of foods.

What is the Water Cycle?

The movement of water through the environment (evaporation, condensation, precipitation).

What are Biogeochemical Cycles?

The movement of essential elements (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) through the ecosystem.

What is the Carbon Cycle?

Carbon moves from the atmosphere through plants/animals and back (important for climate).

What is the Nitrogen Cycle?

Nitrogen moves from air to soil, used by plants, and returned to the soil by decomposers.

What is the Phosphorus Cycle?

Phosphorus moves through soil, plants, and animals (no atmospheric stage).

What is an Energy Pyramid?

Shows how energy decreases at higher trophic levels (only 10% is passed on at each level).

What is a Biomass Pyramid?

Shows the total dry mass of organisms at each trophic level.

What is a Pyramid of Numbers?

Shows the number of organisms at each trophic level (more producers support fewer top predators).

Ecology Flashcards Flashcards

Student preview

39 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is Ecology?

Back

The study of relationships between organisms and their environment.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is an Organism?

Back

A single living thing (e.g., alligator).

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a Population?

Back

Group of the same species in one area.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a Community?

Back

Different species living in the same area.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is an Ecosystem?

Back

Includes both living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components (e.g., soil, water, climate).

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a Biome?

Back

Large areas with similar climate and plant life (e.g., rainforests, deserts).

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is Observation in ecology?

Back

Watching and recording information over time.

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