Chromosomal Mutations

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What is Translocation in chromosomal mutations?

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Translocation is when a segment of a chromosome breaks and attaches to a non-homologous chromosome.

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What is Inversion in chromosomal mutations?

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Inversion occurs when a segment of a chromosome breaks off, flips, and reattaches in the reverse orientation.

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What is Non-disjunction?

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Non-disjunction is the failure of chromosomes to separate evenly during meiosis, leading to chromosomal disorders.

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What happens during crossing over?

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Crossing over is the process where homologous chromosomes exchange segments during meiosis, increasing genetic diversity.

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What are chromosomal disorders?

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Chromosomal disorders are conditions caused by abnormalities in chromosome number or structure, such as Down syndrome.

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What is a chromosome?

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A chromosome is a long strand of DNA that contains genes and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or function.

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What is a homologous chromosome?

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Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes that have the same structure and carry the same genes, one from each parent.

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What is a mutation?

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A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in traits or functions of an organism.

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What is the significance of meiosis?

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Meiosis is important for sexual reproduction as it reduces the chromosome number by half and increases genetic variation.