India Wins Freedom

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Swadeshi:

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Swadeshi means ‘of one’s own country’. This movement

aimed to popularize the use of goods made in India. People were asked to

boycott all foreign goods.

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Satyagraha:

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Satyagraha is a method of fighting based on two principles

– truth and Nonviolence. This term was coined and developed by

Mahatma Gandhi. He always asked people to use peaceful methods of

protest.

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1. How were the Moderates different from the Radicals?

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The Moderates were not in favour of using force but believed in

pleading with the British government to bring about reforms. On the

other hand, the Radicals were in favour of strikes and boycotts to oppose

the British.

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2. Why did the British decide to partition Bengal?

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The British decided to partition Bengal in an attempt to prevent

Hindus and Muslims from uniting against the British.

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3. Write a short note on the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.

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A public meeting was held on 13th April 1919 at Jallianwala Bagh

in Amritsar. General Dyer came to this place and ordered his soldiers to

fire at the crowd. Hundreds of people were killed and thousands were

injured. This incident shocked the whole country. All national leaders

strongly protested against this cruel act.

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4. Why did Gandhiji withdraw the Non – Cooperation Movement?

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Gandhiji had asked people to disobey laws peacefully. But at

Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh, some people set fire to a police station

and as a result 22 policemen died. This act of violence made Gandhiji

withdraw the movement immediately.

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5. What was the contribution of Subhas Chandra Bose to our national

movement?

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Subhas Chandra Bose was the leader of the Indian National Army

(INA), also known as the Azad Hind Fauj. He fought against the British.

He gave us the slogan “Jai Hind “.

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6. Draw a mind map to showcase any six leaders who actively participated

in the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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