Tenses

Front

⏰Present Simple

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + verb (s/es) + object

  • (-) Subject + do/does not + verb + object

  • (?) Do/Does + subject + verb + object?

• Example: She works in an office.

• Uses: Habits, general facts, permanent states

• Time markers: always, usually, often, every day

Front

⏰Present Simple + verb to be

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + am/is/are + complement

  • (-) Subject + am/is/are not + complement

  • (?) Am/Is/Are + subject + complement?

• Example: She is a doctor.

• Uses: Descriptions, states, nationalities

• Time markers: now, today, always

Front

⏰Present Continuous

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + is/am/are + verb (-ing)

  • (-) Subject + is/am/are not + verb (-ing)

  • (?) Is/Am/Are + subject + verb (-ing)?

• Example: She is working now.

• Uses: Actions in progress, future plans

• Time markers: now, at the moment, right now

Front

⏰Present Perfect

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + has/have + past participle

  • (-) Subject + has/have not + past participle

  • (?) Has/Have + subject + past participle?

• Example: She has worked here since 2015.

• Uses: Experiences, actions connected to the present

• Time markers: just, already, yet, since, for

Front

⏰Present Perfect Continuous

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + has/have been + verb (-ing)

  • (-) Subject + has/have not been + verb (-ing)

  • (?) Has/Have + subject + been + verb (-ing)?

• Example: She has been working for 3 hours.

• Uses: Duration of an action up to now

• Time markers: for, since, all day, lately

Front

🕰️Past Simple

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + past verb

  • (-) Subject + did not + verb

  • (?) Did + subject + verb?

• Example: She worked yesterday.

• Uses: Completed actions in the past

• Time markers: yesterday, last week, in 2000

Front

🕰️Past Simple + Verb To Be

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + was/were + complement

  • (-) Subject + was/were not + complement

  • (?) Was/Were + subject + complement?

• Example: She was at home yesterday.

• Uses: Past descriptions, states

• Time markers: yesterday, last night, in 2010

Front

🕰️Past Continuous

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + was/were + verb (-ing)

  • (-) Subject + was/were not + verb (-ing)

  • (?) Was/Were + subject + verb (-ing)?

• Example: She was working when you called.

• Uses: Actions in progress in the past

• Time markers: while, when, as

Front

🕰️Past Perfect

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + had + past participle

  • (-) Subject + had not + past participle

  • (?) Had + subject + past participle?

• Example: She had worked before he arrived.

• Uses: Past action before another past action

• Time markers: before, after, already, by the time

Front

🕰️Past Perfect Continuous

Back

• 📌 Structure:

  • (+) Subject + had been + verb (-ing)

  • (-) Subject + had not been + verb (-ing)

  • (?) Had + subject + been + verb (-ing)?

• Example: She had been working for hours before the meeting.

• Uses: Ongoing action before another past action

• Time markers: for, since, before, until