What is the primary role of the nervous system?

Introduction to the Nervous System

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University
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Danika Williams
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Back
The nervous system is the master controlling and communicating system of the body, ensuring the body responds to stimuli and maintains homeostasis.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the three primary functions of the nervous system?
Back
1. Sensory Input: Monitoring stimuli inside and outside the body. 2. Integration: Interpretation of sensory input and determining an appropriate response. 3. Motor Output: Activating effector organs in response to stimuli.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the components and function of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
Back
Components: Brain and spinal cord. Function: Integration and command center.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the components and function of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Back
Components: Paired spinal and cranial nerves. Function: Carries messages to and from the CNS.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the functional divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Back
1. Sensory (Afferent) Division: Somatic (from skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the brain) and Visceral (from visceral organs to the brain). 2. Motor (Efferent) Division: Somatic Nervous System (voluntary control of skeletal muscles) and Autonomic Nervous System (involuntary control of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands).
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the types of neurons based on structure?
Back
1. Multipolar Neurons: Three or more processes, most common in the CNS. 2. Bipolar Neurons: Two processes, rare, found in special sense organs. 3. Pseudounipolar (Unipolar) Neurons: One process, found primarily in the PNS.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the types of neuroglia in the CNS and their functions?
Back
1. Astrocytes: Support neurons and regulate the extracellular environment. 2. Microglial Cells: Monitor neuronal health and act as macrophages. 3. Ependymal Cells: Line cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid and help circulate it. 4. Oligodendrocytes: Produce myelin sheaths around CNS nerve fibers.
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